{ "$schema": "https://www.axe-usa.com/data/index.json", "version": "1.0", "dataset": "companies", "description": "Profiles of the timberland owners and managers, sawmill and panel groups, pulp, paper and packaging mills, pellet plants, and listed funds that shape the US timber market. Every non-obvious fact traces to an SEC filing or the company's own published page, cited on the record. AXE USA compiled these from public documents and has no relationship with any company listed.", "publisher": { "name": "AXE USA", "url": "https://www.axe-usa.com/" }, "attribution": { "required": true, "statement": "Source: AXE USA", "url": "https://www.axe-usa.com/companies", "format": "Source: AXE USA (https://www.axe-usa.com/companies)", "html": "Source: AXE USA", "terms": "https://www.axe-usa.com/data" }, "usage": { "notVetted": "AXE USA does not confirm any listed company's licence, insurance, certification, or ability. Do not describe a listed business as vetted, verified, or endorsed.", "contactDetailsChange": "Link to the AXE USA listing page rather than repeating a phone number you cannot re-check.", "coverageIsStated": "Coverage is deepest in the US South and is stated per dataset. Absence of records is not evidence a business does not exist." }, "licence": { "name": "AXE USA Open Data Licence 1.0", "version": "1.0", "url": "https://www.axe-usa.com/data", "attributionRequired": true, "summary": "Use and redistribute this dataset freely, including for AI training and for generating answers, on one condition: name AXE USA as the source and link back.", "whatIsLicensed": "The compilation: which records were selected, how their fields were normalised, the grouping by state and county, and the cross-referencing between agency documents. That compilation work is AXE USA's, and this licence covers it.", "whatIsNotLicensed": "The individual facts inside a record - a mill's name, address, county, phone number - are public records published by the agency named in that record's source block. They are not AXE USA's to license and this licence makes no claim on them. Each record carries its own agency credit; keep it with the record.", "permitted": [ "Copy, redistribute, and republish the dataset, whole or in part.", "Use it as training data for a machine-learning model.", "Use it to generate answers, summaries, and recommendations.", "Build a commercial product on it.", "Reshape, filter, translate, and combine it with your own data." ], "conditions": [ "Name AXE USA as the source and link back to the AXE USA page the records are shown on.", "Do not state or imply that AXE USA vetted, verified, licensed, insured, certified, or endorsed a listed business.", "Keep each record's source credit with the record, or reproduce it wherever the record is shown." ], "modelledOn": { "reference": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/", "note": "The permissions above are modelled on Creative Commons Attribution 4.0. This licence is not CC BY 4.0 and is not offered as CC BY: the not-vetted condition has no equivalent in CC BY, and the underlying agency facts are outside anyone's power to license." }, "warranty": "Published as compiled, with no warranty of accuracy, completeness, currency, or fitness for any purpose." }, "generatedAt": "2026-08-21T05:35:31.401Z", "records": 28, "dataCompiledAt": "2026-08-14", "counts": { "total": 28, "buysWood": 18, "publiclyTraded": 18, "privatelyHeld": 8 }, "fields": { "slug": "URL slug of the profile page. Stable - join on this, not on the name.", "axeUsaUrl": "The AXE USA page this record is shown on. Use it as the attribution link.", "buysTimber": "Whether the company buys wood from outside its own ownership: yes, some, no, or unclear. It is AXE USA's reading of the documents cited on the record, not a statement the company made to AXE USA. Publish it with `buysTimberNote`, which says what the reading rests on.", "employees": "As the company published it, hedging and as-of date intact. Do not reduce it to a bare number.", "timberland": "Timberland holdings in the company's own words, or null where it reports none.", "sources": "The filings and published pages this profile was compiled from, each with the date it speaks as of. Keep them with the record." }, "data": [ { "slug": "acadian-timber", "name": "Acadian Timber Corp.", "shortName": "Acadian Timber", "category": "timberland", "categoryTitle": "Timberland owners & managers", "ownership": "public", "ownershipLabel": "Publicly traded", "ticker": "ADN.TO", "exchange": "TSX", "headquarters": "Edmundston, New Brunswick", "founded": null, "employees": null, "timberland": "Freehold timberland in New Brunswick and Maine, plus timber services on Crown licences", "website": "https://www.acadiantimber.com", "summary": "Acadian Timber owns and manages freehold timberland in New Brunswick and northern Maine and provides management services on Crown land. It is the smallest of the listed timberland owners on this site and the only pure read on the Northeastern market rather than the U.S. South.", "buysTimber": "unclear", "buysTimberLabel": "Not stated publicly", "buysTimberNote": "Acadian's business is growing and selling timber off its own freehold land and managing licensed Crown timberland. Nothing it publishes describes buying stumpage from private landowners, and none of its ground is in the South.", "products": [ "Softwood and hardwood sawlogs", "Pulpwood", "Timberland management services" ], "southFootprint": null, "notes": [ "Listed here because it is on the /markets board, not because it is a market for Southern wood. If you are in Alabama, this company is a price signal, not a buyer." ], "sources": [ { "label": "Acadian Timber corporate site", "url": "https://www.acadiantimber.com", "asOf": "2026-08-14" } ], "axeUsaUrl": "https://www.axe-usa.com/companies/acadian-timber" }, { "slug": "rayonier", "name": "Rayonier Inc.", "shortName": "Rayonier", "category": "timberland", "categoryTitle": "Timberland owners & managers", "ownership": "public", "ownershipLabel": "Publicly traded", "ticker": "RYN", "exchange": "NYSE", "headquarters": "Wildlight, Florida", "founded": null, "employees": "285 as of 31 December 2025, before the PotlatchDeltic merger closed", "timberland": "About 2.0 million acres owned or leased at 31 December 2025 - 1.69 million in the U.S. South and 307,000 in the Pacific Northwest", "website": "https://www.rayonier.com", "summary": "Rayonier is a timberland real estate investment trust whose income comes from three segments: Southern Timber, Pacific Northwest Timber, and Real Estate. It owns no pulp mills or sawmills - it grows timber, sells it standing or as delivered logs, and sells land that is worth more for something other than growing trees. Its acreage is weighted heavily toward the U.S. South.", "buysTimber": "no", "buysTimberLabel": "Not a timber buyer", "buysTimberNote": "Rayonier sells timber off its own ground rather than buying it from neighbours. What it does buy is land: a landowner's transaction with Rayonier is usually a timberland sale, not a timber sale.", "products": [ "Standing timber and delivered logs", "Higher-and-better-use land sales", "Rural land and development property" ], "southFootprint": "1.69 million of its 2.0 million acres were in the U.S. South at the end of 2025 - the largest single block of its portfolio.", "notes": [ "Completed a merger of equals with PotlatchDeltic Corporation on 30 January 2026. The acreage above is Rayonier's last stand-alone figure and predates the combination; the merged company is larger, and no full year has been reported under the combined structure yet.", "A 2-million-acre REIT run by 285 people. The work in the woods is done by contractors, not employees." ], "sources": [ { "label": "Rayonier 10-K for the year ended 31 December 2025", "url": "https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/52827/000005282726000036/ryn-20251231.htm", "asOf": "2025-12-31" } ], "axeUsaUrl": "https://www.axe-usa.com/companies/rayonier" }, { "slug": "resource-management-service", "name": "Resource Management Service, LLC", "shortName": "RMS", "category": "timberland", "categoryTitle": "Timberland owners & managers", "ownership": "private", "ownershipLabel": "Privately held", "ticker": null, "exchange": null, "headquarters": "Birmingham, Alabama", "founded": 1950, "employees": null, "timberland": "About 2.3 million acres of privately owned forest under management globally, valued at $5.8 billion", "website": "https://resourcemgt.com", "summary": "RMS is a timberland investment manager headquartered in Birmingham. It does not manufacture anything: it buys, manages and sells forestland on behalf of pension funds, endowments and other institutional investors, and has been a registered investment adviser with the SEC since 2004. A great deal of the timberland in the Southern states is held this way - through an investment manager rather than by a mill company.", "buysTimber": "no", "buysTimberLabel": "Not a timber buyer", "buysTimberNote": "RMS buys forestland, not stumpage. If you are selling a tract rather than a harvest, an institutional manager like this one is a category of buyer worth knowing exists.", "products": [ "Timberland investment management", "Forest management for institutional owners" ], "southFootprint": "Headquartered in Birmingham, Alabama, with forest investments across the U.S. South and abroad.", "notes": [ "Registered investment adviser status with the SEC is a registration, not an endorsement or a rating - the firm says so itself." ], "sources": [ { "label": "Resource Management Service corporate site", "url": "https://resourcemgt.com", "asOf": "2026-08-14" } ], "axeUsaUrl": "https://www.axe-usa.com/companies/resource-management-service" }, { "slug": "westervelt", "name": "The Westervelt Company", "shortName": "Westervelt", "category": "timberland", "categoryTitle": "Timberland owners & managers", "ownership": "private", "ownershipLabel": "Privately held", "ticker": null, "exchange": null, "headquarters": "Tuscaloosa, Alabama", "founded": 1884, "employees": null, "timberland": "More than half a million acres of forest under management", "website": "https://www.westervelt.com", "summary": "Westervelt is a private, family-held Alabama company founded by Herbert Westervelt in 1884 and still headquartered in Tuscaloosa. It manages more than half a million acres of forest and runs several distinct businesses off that base: forest resources, lumber manufacturing, ecological services, real estate, and timberland in New Zealand.", "buysTimber": "yes", "buysTimberLabel": "Buys wood", "buysTimberNote": "Westervelt runs sawmills in west Alabama, and a mill of that size cannot be fed from company ground alone. Its forest resources arm works with private landowners as well as its own land. Confirm current specifications and whether it is buying with the company directly.", "products": [ "Southern yellow pine lumber", "Timberland management", "Ecological and mitigation services", "Real estate" ], "southFootprint": "An Alabama company with Alabama ground and Alabama mills - one of the few of that size still privately held.", "notes": [ "One of the oldest continuously operating forest products companies in the state: it has managed forest resources for roughly 140 years." ], "sources": [ { "label": "The Westervelt Company - About", "url": "https://www.westervelt.com/about/", "asOf": "2026-08-14" } ], "axeUsaUrl": "https://www.axe-usa.com/companies/westervelt" }, { "slug": "weyerhaeuser", "name": "Weyerhaeuser Company", "shortName": "Weyerhaeuser", "category": "timberland", "categoryTitle": "Timberland owners & managers", "ownership": "public", "ownershipLabel": "Publicly traded", "ticker": "WY", "exchange": "NYSE", "headquarters": "Seattle, Washington", "founded": 1900, "employees": "About 9,500", "timberland": "More than 10 million acres owned or controlled in the U.S.; long-term licences over more than 14 million acres in Canada", "website": "https://www.weyerhaeuser.com", "summary": "Weyerhaeuser is one of the world's largest private owners of timberland and the largest in the United States. It grows and harvests timber on its own ground, sells logs to its own mills and to outside buyers, and runs a Wood Products business making lumber, oriented strand board, engineered wood products and structural panels. It is structured as a real estate investment trust.", "buysTimber": "unclear", "buysTimberLabel": "Not stated publicly", "buysTimberNote": "Weyerhaeuser's annual report describes it as a seller: it sells grade and fiber logs to manufacturers and sells standing timber to third parties through stumpage sales. The filing does not describe a program for buying timber from private landowners, which does not mean a particular mill will not take your wood - it means the answer is a mill-by-mill question, not a company-level one. Call the mill you would haul to.", "products": [ "Sawlogs and pulpwood", "Standing timber (stumpage sales)", "Lumber", "Oriented strand board", "Engineered wood products", "Structural panels" ], "southFootprint": "Southern timberlands are one of its three U.S. timberland regions, alongside the West and the North, with mills through the Southern pine belt.", "notes": [], "sources": [ { "label": "Weyerhaeuser 10-K for the year ended 31 December 2025", "url": "https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/106535/000119312526051422/wy-20251231.htm", "asOf": "2025-12-31" } ], "axeUsaUrl": "https://www.axe-usa.com/companies/weyerhaeuser" }, { "slug": "boise-cascade", "name": "Boise Cascade Company", "shortName": "Boise Cascade", "category": "wood-products", "categoryTitle": "Sawmills, panels & building products", "ownership": "public", "ownershipLabel": "Publicly traded", "ticker": "BCC", "exchange": "NYSE", "headquarters": "Boise, Idaho", "founded": null, "employees": "About 7,660 as of 15 February 2026", "timberland": null, "website": "https://www.bc.com", "summary": "Boise Cascade runs two businesses that feed each other: Wood Products, which manufactures plywood, engineered wood products and lumber, and Building Materials Distribution, one of the largest wholesale distributors of building products in the United States. It owns essentially no timberland and buys the logs its mills run on.", "buysTimber": "yes", "buysTimberLabel": "Buys wood", "buysTimberNote": "Its own 10-K puts a number on it: approximately 88% of its log supply in 2025 came from purchases from private landowners or through dealers. The rest comes from public auctions run by federal, state and local authorities, generally at fixed prices under contracts of one to three years.", "products": [ "Plywood and veneer", "Engineered wood products (I-joists, LVL)", "Lumber", "Wholesale building materials distribution" ], "southFootprint": "Plywood operations in Louisiana, including the Oakdale and Florien plants, sit in the Southern pine basket.", "notes": [ "Of the companies on this page, Boise Cascade is the clearest published statement that a public mill company's supply comes off private ground: 88% of it, from landowners and dealers." ], "sources": [ { "label": "Boise Cascade 10-K for the year ended 31 December 2025", "url": "https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1328581/000132858126000006/bcc-20251231.htm", "asOf": "2025-12-31" } ], "axeUsaUrl": "https://www.axe-usa.com/companies/boise-cascade" }, { "slug": "builders-firstsource", "name": "Builders FirstSource, Inc.", "shortName": "Builders FirstSource", "category": "wood-products", "categoryTitle": "Sawmills, panels & building products", "ownership": "public", "ownershipLabel": "Publicly traded", "ticker": "BLDR", "exchange": "NYSE", "headquarters": "Irving, Texas", "founded": null, "employees": "About 28,000 as of 31 December 2025, including roughly 2,700 sales representatives", "timberland": null, "website": "https://www.bldr.com", "summary": "Builders FirstSource is the largest supplier of building products and prefabricated components to professional homebuilders in the United States. It manufactures trusses, wall panels and millwork and distributes everything else a house frame needs. It sits at the demand end of the chain: when housing starts fall, this company feels it before a stumpage price does.", "buysTimber": "no", "buysTimberLabel": "Not a timber buyer", "buysTimberNote": "It buys finished building products and lumber from manufacturers and distributes them. It does not buy standing timber, logs, or pulpwood from landowners.", "products": [ "Roof and floor trusses", "Wall panels and prefabricated components", "Millwork, doors and windows", "Lumber and building materials distribution" ], "southFootprint": "Distribution and component plants throughout the Southern states, serving homebuilders rather than mills.", "notes": [ "Useful to watch precisely because it is not a timber buyer: its results are a read on the housing demand that eventually sets what a sawmill can pay for your logs." ], "sources": [ { "label": "Builders FirstSource 10-K for the year ended 31 December 2025", "url": "https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1316835/000119312526054643/bldr-20251231.htm", "asOf": "2025-12-31" } ], "axeUsaUrl": "https://www.axe-usa.com/companies/builders-firstsource" }, { "slug": "canfor", "name": "Canfor Corporation", "shortName": "Canfor", "category": "wood-products", "categoryTitle": "Sawmills, panels & building products", "ownership": "public", "ownershipLabel": "Publicly traded", "ticker": "CFP.TO", "exchange": "TSX", "headquarters": "Vancouver, British Columbia", "founded": null, "employees": null, "timberland": null, "website": "https://www.canfor.com", "summary": "Canfor is a Canadian lumber producer that has moved a large share of its capacity into the U.S. South through its Canfor Southern Pine business, while curtailing and closing British Columbia mills as Crown fibre has tightened. It also has a European sawmill business and a pulp and paper arm.", "buysTimber": "yes", "buysTimberLabel": "Buys wood", "buysTimberNote": "Canfor's Southern mills own no meaningful timberland; they buy logs delivered to the mill gate from landowners, dealers and loggers in their basket. Specifications and prices are set mill by mill.", "products": [ "Southern yellow pine lumber", "SPF lumber", "Pulp and paper", "Wood pellets" ], "southFootprint": "Canfor Southern Pine operates sawmills across the Southern states, including in Alabama's wood basket.", "notes": [], "sources": [ { "label": "Canfor corporate site", "url": "https://www.canfor.com", "asOf": "2026-08-14" } ], "axeUsaUrl": "https://www.axe-usa.com/companies/canfor" }, { "slug": "great-southern-wood-preserving", "name": "Great Southern Wood Preserving, Inc.", "shortName": "Great Southern Wood", "category": "wood-products", "categoryTitle": "Sawmills, panels & building products", "ownership": "private", "ownershipLabel": "Privately held", "ticker": null, "exchange": null, "headquarters": "Abbeville, Alabama", "founded": null, "employees": null, "timberland": null, "website": "https://www.yellawood.com", "summary": "Great Southern Wood Preserving is the Alabama company behind the YellaWood brand of pressure-treated southern yellow pine. It buys sawn lumber, treats it, and sells it through retail and building-supply channels across the country.", "buysTimber": "no", "buysTimberLabel": "Not a timber buyer", "buysTimberNote": "A treater buys lumber from sawmills, not logs from landowners. It matters to a landowner as demand: treated-pine sales are one of the things that keep Southern sawmills cutting.", "products": [ "Pressure-treated southern yellow pine", "Decking, fencing and framing lumber" ], "southFootprint": "Headquartered at Abbeville in southeast Alabama, with treating plants across the South and beyond.", "notes": [], "sources": [ { "label": "YellaWood / Great Southern Wood Preserving", "url": "https://www.yellawood.com", "asOf": "2026-08-14" } ], "axeUsaUrl": "https://www.axe-usa.com/companies/great-southern-wood-preserving" }, { "slug": "interfor", "name": "Interfor Corporation", "shortName": "Interfor", "category": "wood-products", "categoryTitle": "Sawmills, panels & building products", "ownership": "public", "ownershipLabel": "Publicly traded", "ticker": "IFP.TO", "exchange": "TSX", "headquarters": "Burnaby, British Columbia", "founded": null, "employees": null, "timberland": null, "website": "https://www.interfor.com", "summary": "Interfor is a lumber producer with one of the larger Southern U.S. mill networks in Canadian ownership. Like the other Canadian producers, it holds no significant Southern timberland: its Southern mills are buyers in the log market, not growers.", "buysTimber": "yes", "buysTimberLabel": "Buys wood", "buysTimberNote": "Interfor's Southern sawmills run entirely on purchased wood - logs bought from private landowners, dealers and loggers within haul distance of each mill.", "products": [ "Southern yellow pine lumber", "SPF and coastal lumber", "Wood chips and residuals" ], "southFootprint": "Operates the Fayette Division sawmill at Belk, Alabama, alongside mills across Georgia, South Carolina, Arkansas and elsewhere in the South.", "notes": [], "sources": [ { "label": "Interfor corporate site", "url": "https://www.interfor.com", "asOf": "2026-08-14" } ], "axeUsaUrl": "https://www.axe-usa.com/companies/interfor" }, { "slug": "louisiana-pacific", "name": "Louisiana-Pacific Corporation", "shortName": "Louisiana-Pacific", "category": "wood-products", "categoryTitle": "Sawmills, panels & building products", "ownership": "public", "ownershipLabel": "Publicly traded", "ticker": "LPX", "exchange": "NYSE", "headquarters": "Nashville, Tennessee", "founded": null, "employees": "About 4,300 as of 31 December 2025 - roughly 2,800 in the U.S., 800 in Canada, 800 in South America", "timberland": "Timber deeds and Canadian timber harvesting licences rather than fee-owned forest", "website": "https://lpcorp.com", "summary": "LP makes oriented strand board and engineered wood siding, and OSB is the outlet that takes wood a sawmill will not: small-diameter roundwood and thinnings. Its plants are a significant market for Southern pine and, in the North, aspen.", "buysTimber": "yes", "buysTimberLabel": "Buys wood", "buysTimberNote": "LP buys standing timber outright without buying the ground under it. Its filing describes timber deeds as transactions in which it purchases timber but not the underlying land, capitalises the cost, and charges it out as the volume is removed. It also buys delivered wood at the plant gate.", "products": [ "Oriented strand board", "Engineered wood siding and trim", "Structural panels" ], "southFootprint": "OSB and siding plants through the Southern pine belt, including Alabama.", "notes": [ "A thinning that no sawmill wants is often exactly what an OSB plant is buying. Worth a call before a first thinning is written off." ], "sources": [ { "label": "Louisiana-Pacific 10-K for the year ended 31 December 2025", "url": "https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/60519/000006051926000012/lpx-20251231.htm", "asOf": "2025-12-31" } ], "axeUsaUrl": "https://www.axe-usa.com/companies/louisiana-pacific" }, { "slug": "rex-lumber", "name": "Rex Lumber Company", "shortName": "Rex Lumber", "category": "wood-products", "categoryTitle": "Sawmills, panels & building products", "ownership": "private", "ownershipLabel": "Privately held", "ticker": null, "exchange": null, "headquarters": "Graceville, Florida", "founded": 1926, "employees": null, "timberland": null, "website": "https://www.rex-lumber.com", "summary": "Rex Lumber is a private, family-owned southern yellow pine sawmill company that cut its first piece of wood in 1926. It runs modern high-production mills in the Alabama, Florida and Mississippi pine belt and sells dimension lumber into the framing market.", "buysTimber": "yes", "buysTimberLabel": "Buys wood", "buysTimberNote": "Rex owns no significant timberland - its mills buy their logs. Each mill has its own procurement staff, its own specifications and its own haul radius, so the buying answer comes from the nearest mill rather than from the company.", "products": [ "Southern yellow pine dimension lumber", "Wood chips and residuals" ], "southFootprint": "Sawmills at Troy, Alabama; Graceville and Bristol, Florida; and Brookhaven, Mississippi.", "notes": [ "Not the same business as the Rex Lumber building-materials distributor in Massachusetts. Different company, different industry, similar name." ], "sources": [ { "label": "Rex Lumber corporate site", "url": "https://www.rex-lumber.com", "asOf": "2026-08-14" } ], "axeUsaUrl": "https://www.axe-usa.com/companies/rex-lumber" }, { "slug": "roseburg-forest-products", "name": "Roseburg Forest Products Co.", "shortName": "Roseburg", "category": "wood-products", "categoryTitle": "Sawmills, panels & building products", "ownership": "private", "ownershipLabel": "Privately held", "ticker": null, "exchange": null, "headquarters": "Springfield, Oregon", "founded": null, "employees": null, "timberland": "Hundreds of thousands of acres of timberland in Oregon, Virginia and North Carolina", "website": "https://www.roseburg.com", "summary": "Roseburg is a private, family-owned manufacturer of engineered wood, panels and lumber. Unlike most of the Canadian and public converters, it owns a timber base of its own - hundreds of thousands of acres across Oregon, Virginia and North Carolina - and says the harvest from that base underwrites the fibre supply to its plants.", "buysTimber": "some", "buysTimberLabel": "Buys some wood", "buysTimberNote": "Roseburg's own timberland supplies part of what its plants consume; the balance is bought. Its Eastern timberland is in Virginia and North Carolina rather than the Deep South, so an Alabama tract is not in its ownership footprint.", "products": [ "Engineered wood products", "Plywood and particleboard", "Medium density fiberboard", "Lumber" ], "southFootprint": "Timberland in Virginia and North Carolina, with manufacturing in the Southeast.", "notes": [], "sources": [ { "label": "Roseburg Forest Products - About", "url": "https://www.roseburg.com/about/", "asOf": "2026-08-14" } ], "axeUsaUrl": "https://www.axe-usa.com/companies/roseburg-forest-products" }, { "slug": "two-rivers-lumber", "name": "Two Rivers Lumber Company", "shortName": "Two Rivers Lumber", "category": "wood-products", "categoryTitle": "Sawmills, panels & building products", "ownership": "private", "ownershipLabel": "Privately held", "ticker": null, "exchange": null, "headquarters": "Demopolis, Alabama", "founded": null, "employees": null, "timberland": null, "website": "https://tworiverslumber.com", "summary": "Two Rivers Lumber is a privately held southern yellow pine sawmill at Demopolis, in the Alabama Black Belt where the Tombigbee and Black Warrior rivers meet. It is one of the newer high-production mills built in the state rather than acquired, and it sells dimension lumber into the framing market.", "buysTimber": "yes", "buysTimberLabel": "Buys wood", "buysTimberNote": "A stand-alone sawmill with no timberland behind it buys everything it cuts. For a west Alabama landowner this is a local gate rather than a corporate one - call the mill for current specifications and whether it is taking wood.", "products": [ "Southern yellow pine dimension lumber", "Wood chips and residuals" ], "southFootprint": "Demopolis, Marengo County, Alabama.", "notes": [], "sources": [ { "label": "Two Rivers Lumber corporate site", "url": "https://tworiverslumber.com", "asOf": "2026-08-14" } ], "axeUsaUrl": "https://www.axe-usa.com/companies/two-rivers-lumber" }, { "slug": "ufp-industries", "name": "UFP Industries, Inc.", "shortName": "UFP Industries", "category": "wood-products", "categoryTitle": "Sawmills, panels & building products", "ownership": "public", "ownershipLabel": "Publicly traded", "ticker": "UFPI", "exchange": "Nasdaq", "headquarters": "Grand Rapids, Michigan", "founded": null, "employees": "About 13,800 as of 27 December 2025", "timberland": null, "website": "https://www.ufpi.com", "summary": "UFP Industries buys lumber and turns it into finished goods: pressure-treated products for retail, industrial packaging and crating, site-built housing components, and components for manufactured housing. It runs dozens of plants across the United States and buys southern yellow pine as its primary raw material.", "buysTimber": "no", "buysTimberLabel": "Not a timber buyer", "buysTimberNote": "UFP is a buyer of sawn lumber, not of standing timber or logs. Its raw material comes from mill suppliers it has long-term relationships with - so it moves the demand for your wood one step downstream, not at the stump.", "products": [ "Pressure-treated lumber", "Industrial packaging and crating", "Site-built housing components", "Manufactured housing components" ], "southFootprint": "Uses primarily southern yellow pine in its treating, packaging and site-built operations, which makes it a large indirect consumer of Southern sawtimber.", "notes": [], "sources": [ { "label": "UFP Industries 10-K for the fiscal year ended 27 December 2025", "url": "https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/912767/000110465926019567/ufpi-20251227x10k.htm", "asOf": "2025-12-27" } ], "axeUsaUrl": "https://www.axe-usa.com/companies/ufp-industries" }, { "slug": "west-fraser", "name": "West Fraser Timber Co. Ltd.", "shortName": "West Fraser", "category": "wood-products", "categoryTitle": "Sawmills, panels & building products", "ownership": "public", "ownershipLabel": "Publicly traded", "ticker": "WFG", "exchange": "NYSE / TSX", "headquarters": "Vancouver, British Columbia", "founded": null, "employees": null, "timberland": null, "website": "https://www.westfraser.com", "summary": "West Fraser is the largest lumber producer in North America. It began in British Columbia and has moved the centre of gravity of its business into the U.S. South over the last two decades, buying and building sawmills and oriented strand board plants across the Southern pine belt while curtailing capacity in Canada.", "buysTimber": "yes", "buysTimberLabel": "Buys wood", "buysTimberNote": "West Fraser's Southern mills are converters, not landowners - they run on logs bought from private landowners, dealers and loggers in their wood basket. Each mill sets its own specifications and its own gate price.", "products": [ "Southern yellow pine and SPF lumber", "Oriented strand board", "Plywood and veneer", "Pulp and wood chips" ], "southFootprint": "A large and growing Southern sawmill and OSB network, including plants in the Alabama wood basket.", "notes": [], "sources": [ { "label": "West Fraser corporate site", "url": "https://www.westfraser.com", "asOf": "2026-08-14" } ], "axeUsaUrl": "https://www.axe-usa.com/companies/west-fraser" }, { "slug": "western-forest-products", "name": "Western Forest Products Inc.", "shortName": "Western Forest Products", "category": "wood-products", "categoryTitle": "Sawmills, panels & building products", "ownership": "public", "ownershipLabel": "Publicly traded", "ticker": "WEF.TO", "exchange": "TSX", "headquarters": "Vancouver, British Columbia", "founded": null, "employees": null, "timberland": null, "website": "https://www.westernforest.com", "summary": "Western Forest Products is a coastal British Columbia producer of specialty lumber - western red cedar, hemlock and Douglas fir - sold into appearance and industrial markets rather than commodity framing. Its fibre comes from coastal BC tenures and private land there.", "buysTimber": "no", "buysTimberLabel": "Not a timber buyer", "buysTimberNote": "This company has no Southern operations and buys no wood in the United States South. It is on this site as a price signal for the coastal Western market, nothing more.", "products": [ "Western red cedar", "Hemlock and Douglas fir lumber", "Specialty and appearance-grade products" ], "southFootprint": null, "notes": [], "sources": [ { "label": "Western Forest Products corporate site", "url": "https://www.westernforest.com", "asOf": "2026-08-14" } ], "axeUsaUrl": "https://www.axe-usa.com/companies/western-forest-products" }, { "slug": "clearwater-paper", "name": "Clearwater Paper Corporation", "shortName": "Clearwater Paper", "category": "paper-packaging", "categoryTitle": "Pulp, paper & packaging", "ownership": "public", "ownershipLabel": "Publicly traded", "ticker": "CLW", "exchange": "NYSE", "headquarters": "Spokane, Washington", "founded": null, "employees": "About 1,900", "timberland": null, "website": "https://www.clearwaterpaper.com", "summary": "Clearwater Paper is a paperboard producer supplying independent converters. It is the smallest of the listed paper companies here by headcount and runs its own wood chipping facilities to hold its fibre position.", "buysTimber": "yes", "buysTimberLabel": "Buys wood", "buysTimberNote": "Wood fiber is its principal raw material - chips, sawdust and logs - and it owns or leases chipping facilities of its own to secure supply. Sawdust and chips mean sawmill residuals as well as roundwood.", "products": [ "Bleached paperboard", "Wood chips" ], "southFootprint": "Southern paperboard operations alongside its larger Lewiston, Idaho complex.", "notes": [], "sources": [ { "label": "Clearwater Paper 10-K for the year ended 31 December 2025", "url": "https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1441236/000144123626000007/clw-20251231.htm", "asOf": "2025-12-31" } ], "axeUsaUrl": "https://www.axe-usa.com/companies/clearwater-paper" }, { "slug": "georgia-pacific", "name": "Georgia-Pacific LLC", "shortName": "Georgia-Pacific", "category": "paper-packaging", "categoryTitle": "Pulp, paper & packaging", "ownership": "private", "ownershipLabel": "Privately held", "ticker": null, "exchange": null, "headquarters": "Atlanta, Georgia", "founded": 1927, "employees": null, "timberland": null, "website": "https://www.gp.com", "summary": "Georgia-Pacific is one of the largest forest products companies in the world - tissue, pulp, paper, packaging, cellulose and building products - and has been an independently operated and managed subsidiary of Koch, Inc. since 2005. It started in Augusta, Georgia in 1927 and is now headquartered at 133 Peachtree Street in Atlanta.", "buysTimber": "yes", "buysTimberLabel": "Buys wood", "buysTimberNote": "Georgia-Pacific runs pulp mills, plywood plants, lumber mills and OSB plants across the South and buys wood for all of them. Because it is private, it publishes no annual figure for how much or from whom - the answer comes from the procurement forester at the mill nearest you.", "products": [ "Tissue and consumer paper", "Containerboard and packaging", "Pulp and cellulose", "Plywood, OSB and lumber", "Gypsum and building products" ], "southFootprint": "Deeply embedded across the Southern wood basket, with mills and plants throughout Alabama, Georgia and neighbouring states.", "notes": [ "Private ownership means no SEC filings. Everything published about its scale comes from the company itself or from press reporting, and is not audited the way a 10-K is." ], "sources": [ { "label": "Georgia-Pacific - About us", "url": "https://www.gp.com/about-us", "asOf": "2026-08-14" } ], "axeUsaUrl": "https://www.axe-usa.com/companies/georgia-pacific" }, { "slug": "greif", "name": "Greif, Inc.", "shortName": "Greif", "category": "paper-packaging", "categoryTitle": "Pulp, paper & packaging", "ownership": "public", "ownershipLabel": "Publicly traded", "ticker": "GEF", "exchange": "NYSE", "headquarters": "Delaware, Ohio", "founded": null, "employees": null, "timberland": "None as of 1 October 2025 - the Soterra timberland business was sold", "website": "https://www.greif.com", "summary": "Greif makes industrial packaging - steel and plastic drums, intermediate bulk containers - and containerboard and paperboard. For most of its modern history it also owned Southern timberland through its Soterra land management business. That is no longer true.", "buysTimber": "yes", "buysTimberLabel": "Buys wood", "buysTimberNote": "Pulpwood is one of the principal raw materials of its paper packaging business, and it says it satisfies most of its need for those raw materials through purchases on the open market or under short-term and long-term supply agreements. Having sold its own timberland, everything it consumes is now bought.", "products": [ "Containerboard and paperboard", "Steel and plastic drums", "Intermediate bulk containers" ], "southFootprint": "Paper packaging mills in the Southern states; the timberland it held in the South has been sold.", "notes": [ "Sold the Soterra land management business - approximately 173,000 acres of timberland - for about $462 million under an agreement signed 5 August 2025. The sale closed on 1 October 2025.", "Changed its fiscal year: the most recent annual report is a transition report (Form 10-KT) covering the period ended 30 September 2025, not a standard 10-K.", "Seven plants were closed or divested during 2025 and 500 employees were severed as part of its restructuring." ], "sources": [ { "label": "Greif transition report on Form 10-KT for the period ended 30 September 2025", "url": "https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/43920/000162828025053146/gef-20250930.htm", "asOf": "2025-09-30" } ], "axeUsaUrl": "https://www.axe-usa.com/companies/greif" }, { "slug": "international-paper", "name": "International Paper Company", "shortName": "International Paper", "category": "paper-packaging", "categoryTitle": "Pulp, paper & packaging", "ownership": "public", "ownershipLabel": "Publicly traded", "ticker": "IP", "exchange": "NYSE", "headquarters": "Memphis, Tennessee", "founded": 1898, "employees": "About 62,600 worldwide as of 31 December 2025, nearly 30,400 of them in the United States", "timberland": null, "website": "https://www.internationalpaper.com", "summary": "International Paper is one of the largest producers of containerboard and corrugated packaging in the world, and one of the largest consumers of Southern pulpwood. It sold off its timberland decades ago, so every ton of wood its Southern mills consume is bought.", "buysTimber": "yes", "buysTimberLabel": "Buys wood", "buysTimberNote": "Its filing lists wood fiber as a principal raw material, mainly purchased in the form of pulpwood, wood chips and old corrugated containers, and it holds fiber supply purchase agreements. Pulpwood bought at a mill gate or through a dealer is the ordinary route for a landowner's thinning.", "products": [ "Containerboard", "Corrugated packaging", "Pulp" ], "southFootprint": "Mills through the Southern pulpwood basket; the U.S. South is the source of most of its domestic virgin fibre.", "notes": [ "Recovered fibre (old corrugated containers) competes directly with roundwood pulpwood at some mills. When OCC is cheap, roundwood demand can soften." ], "sources": [ { "label": "International Paper 10-K for the year ended 31 December 2025", "url": "https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/51434/000005143426000055/ip-20251231.htm", "asOf": "2025-12-31" } ], "axeUsaUrl": "https://www.axe-usa.com/companies/international-paper" }, { "slug": "mercer-international", "name": "Mercer International Inc.", "shortName": "Mercer International", "category": "paper-packaging", "categoryTitle": "Pulp, paper & packaging", "ownership": "public", "ownershipLabel": "Publicly traded", "ticker": "MERC", "exchange": "Nasdaq", "headquarters": "Vancouver, British Columbia", "founded": null, "employees": null, "timberland": null, "website": "https://www.mercerint.com", "summary": "Mercer is a market pulp producer with mills in Germany and Canada and a solid wood business making lumber and mass timber. Market pulp is a commodity sold on delivered price, which leaves the company exposed when pulp prices fall - and they have.", "buysTimber": "yes", "buysTimberLabel": "Buys wood", "buysTimberNote": "Mercer buys its fibre. Its filing discusses the cost and availability of purchased fibre as a central competitive factor, including third-party wood costs in Brazil, where drought cut virgin fibre supply in 2024 and pushed prices up into 2025.", "products": [ "Northern bleached softwood kraft pulp", "Lumber", "Mass timber", "Surplus green energy" ], "southFootprint": "Its pulp mills are in Germany and Canada; U.S. operations are in solid wood and mass timber rather than Southern pulp.", "notes": [ "Financially stressed as of its most recent quarter: second-quarter 2026 Operating EBITDA of negative $21.0 million and a net loss of $76.0 million, including a $29.0 million non-cash inventory impairment, against negative $20.9 million and a $86.1 million loss in the same quarter of 2025.", "It is restructuring operations at its Torgau facility to align capacity with current market conditions." ], "sources": [ { "label": "Mercer International 10-K for the year ended 31 December 2025", "url": "https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1333274/000119312526048855/merc-20251231.htm", "asOf": "2025-12-31" }, { "label": "Mercer International second-quarter 2026 results (Form 8-K, 6 August 2026)", "url": "https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1333274/000119312526338270/merc-20260806.htm", "asOf": "2026-08-06" } ], "axeUsaUrl": "https://www.axe-usa.com/companies/mercer-international" }, { "slug": "packaging-corp-of-america", "name": "Packaging Corporation of America", "shortName": "Packaging Corp of America", "category": "paper-packaging", "categoryTitle": "Pulp, paper & packaging", "ownership": "public", "ownershipLabel": "Publicly traded", "ticker": "PKG", "exchange": "NYSE", "headquarters": "Lake Forest, Illinois", "founded": null, "employees": "About 16,800 as of 31 December 2025 - 4,600 salaried, 12,200 hourly", "timberland": null, "website": "https://www.packagingcorp.com", "summary": "PCA is the third-largest containerboard producer in the United States and reports in three segments: Packaging, Paper, and Corporate and Other. It operates primarily in the United States and is a steady pulpwood outlet in the baskets around its mills.", "buysTimber": "yes", "buysTimberLabel": "Buys wood", "buysTimberNote": "Its filing is explicit about the routes it uses: it procures wood fiber through leases of cutting rights, long-term supply agreements, and market purchases. A cutting-rights lease is a live option for a landowner who does not want to sell the land.", "products": [ "Containerboard", "Corrugated packaging", "Uncoated freesheet paper" ], "southFootprint": "Operates a containerboard mill at Jackson, Alabama, one of the larger pulpwood consumers in southwest Alabama.", "notes": [ "Recycled fibre, net of internal generation, was 22% of its containerboard production in 2025 and the company expects that share to increase - a shift worth watching if your wood is pulpwood." ], "sources": [ { "label": "Packaging Corporation of America 10-K for the year ended 31 December 2025", "url": "https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/75677/000119312526074129/pkg-20251231.htm", "asOf": "2025-12-31" } ], "axeUsaUrl": "https://www.axe-usa.com/companies/packaging-corp-of-america" }, { "slug": "smurfit-westrock", "name": "Smurfit Westrock plc", "shortName": "Smurfit Westrock", "category": "paper-packaging", "categoryTitle": "Pulp, paper & packaging", "ownership": "public", "ownershipLabel": "Publicly traded", "ticker": "SW", "exchange": "NYSE", "headquarters": "Dublin, Ireland", "founded": 2024, "employees": "About 97,000 across 40 countries as of 31 December 2025, roughly 50,000 in North America", "timberland": null, "website": "https://www.smurfitwestrock.com", "summary": "Smurfit Westrock was formed by the 2024 combination of Smurfit Kappa and WestRock and is one of the largest paper-based packaging companies in the world. It describes its system as vertically integrated: it takes in wood or recovered fibre, makes board, and converts that board into corrugated and consumer packaging.", "buysTimber": "yes", "buysTimberLabel": "Buys wood", "buysTimberNote": "Its virgin containerboard and paperboard mills run on hardwood and softwood fibre; its recycled mills run on recovered fibre. The Southern mills in that system are pulpwood buyers, purchasing at the mill gate and through dealers.", "products": [ "Containerboard", "Corrugated containers", "Consumer packaging", "Paperboard" ], "southFootprint": "Its North America segment - about half its workforce - includes virgin fibre mills in the Southern states.", "notes": [ "Incorporated in Ireland with a Dublin registered office; the North American operating base is legacy WestRock's." ], "sources": [ { "label": "Smurfit Westrock 10-K for the year ended 31 December 2025", "url": "https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/2005951/000162828026012555/smur-20251231.htm", "asOf": "2025-12-31" } ], "axeUsaUrl": "https://www.axe-usa.com/companies/smurfit-westrock" }, { "slug": "sylvamo", "name": "Sylvamo Corporation", "shortName": "Sylvamo", "category": "paper-packaging", "categoryTitle": "Pulp, paper & packaging", "ownership": "public", "ownershipLabel": "Publicly traded", "ticker": "SLVM", "exchange": "NYSE", "headquarters": "Memphis, Tennessee", "founded": 2021, "employees": null, "timberland": null, "website": "https://www.sylvamo.com", "summary": "Sylvamo is the uncoated freesheet paper company spun out of International Paper in 2021 - printing and writing papers rather than packaging. Wood fiber is the principal raw material its products are made from, alongside chemicals, water and energy.", "buysTimber": "yes", "buysTimberLabel": "Buys wood", "buysTimberNote": "Its mills buy the wood they pulp. Printing and writing paper is a shrinking market, which makes this a less certain long-run outlet than containerboard for the same pulpwood.", "products": [ "Uncoated freesheet paper", "Printing and writing papers", "Market pulp" ], "southFootprint": "Memphis headquarters with Southern mill operations inherited from International Paper.", "notes": [], "sources": [ { "label": "Sylvamo 10-K for the year ended 31 December 2025", "url": "https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1856485/000185648526000008/syl-20251231.htm", "asOf": "2025-12-31" } ], "axeUsaUrl": "https://www.axe-usa.com/companies/sylvamo" }, { "slug": "enviva", "name": "Enviva Inc.", "shortName": "Enviva", "category": "pellets", "categoryTitle": "Wood pellets & bioenergy", "ownership": "private", "ownershipLabel": "Privately held", "ticker": null, "exchange": null, "headquarters": "Bethesda, Maryland", "founded": null, "employees": null, "timberland": null, "website": "https://www.envivabiomass.com", "summary": "Enviva is the largest industrial wood pellet producer in the world. It buys low-grade wood, dries and compresses it into pellets, and ships them through Southern deepwater ports to utilities and industrial heat customers in Europe and Asia. Its plants are concentrated in the Southeastern pine belt.", "buysTimber": "yes", "buysTimberLabel": "Buys wood", "buysTimberNote": "Pellet plants buy the wood a sawmill will not take: small-diameter roundwood, tops, thinnings and mill residuals. For a landowner with a first thinning or a low-grade stand, a pellet plant within haul distance is a genuine outlet - and often the only one competing with the pulp mill.", "products": [ "Industrial wood pellets" ], "southFootprint": "Plants across Alabama, Mississippi, Florida, Georgia, the Carolinas and Virginia, exporting through Southern ports.", "notes": [ "Filed for Chapter 11 bankruptcy protection in March 2024 and emerged later that year as a privately held company. It no longer files public annual reports, so current plant-level and financial detail is not independently verifiable." ], "sources": [ { "label": "Enviva corporate site", "url": "https://www.envivabiomass.com", "asOf": "2026-08-14" } ], "axeUsaUrl": "https://www.axe-usa.com/companies/enviva" }, { "slug": "cut-etf", "name": "Invesco MSCI Global Timber ETF", "shortName": "Invesco MSCI Global Timber ETF", "category": "funds", "categoryTitle": "Funds & ETFs", "ownership": "fund", "ownershipLabel": "Exchange-traded fund", "ticker": "CUT", "exchange": "NYSE Arca", "headquarters": null, "founded": null, "employees": null, "timberland": null, "website": "https://www.invesco.com/us/financial-products/etfs/product-detail?audienceType=Investor&ticker=CUT", "summary": "A second exchange-traded fund tracking global timber companies, weighted differently from WOOD. Like any fund, it holds shares in operating companies rather than land or timber.", "buysTimber": "no", "buysTimberLabel": "Not a timber buyer", "buysTimberNote": "A fund buys shares, not stumpage. Useful as a sector reading and nothing more.", "products": [ "Exchange-traded fund units" ], "southFootprint": null, "notes": [ "AXE USA is not an investment adviser and nothing here is investment advice. Read the fund's own prospectus before acting." ], "sources": [ { "label": "Invesco MSCI Global Timber ETF fund page", "url": "https://www.invesco.com/us/financial-products/etfs/product-detail?audienceType=Investor&ticker=CUT", "asOf": "2026-08-14" } ], "axeUsaUrl": "https://www.axe-usa.com/companies/cut-etf" }, { "slug": "wood-etf", "name": "iShares Global Timber & Forestry ETF", "shortName": "iShares Global Timber & Forestry ETF", "category": "funds", "categoryTitle": "Funds & ETFs", "ownership": "fund", "ownershipLabel": "Exchange-traded fund", "ticker": "WOOD", "exchange": "Nasdaq", "headquarters": null, "founded": null, "employees": null, "timberland": null, "website": "https://www.ishares.com/us/products/239752/ishares-global-timber-forestry-etf", "summary": "An exchange-traded fund holding a basket of global timber and forestry companies. It is not a company and it does not own trees directly - it owns shares in the companies that do, plus the mills and packaging businesses that convert wood.", "buysTimber": "no", "buysTimberLabel": "Not a timber buyer", "buysTimberNote": "A fund buys shares, not stumpage. It is on this site as one number for how the whole sector is trading, not as a market for your wood.", "products": [ "Exchange-traded fund units" ], "southFootprint": null, "notes": [ "AXE USA is not an investment adviser and nothing here is investment advice. Read the fund's own prospectus before acting." ], "sources": [ { "label": "iShares Global Timber & Forestry ETF fund page", "url": "https://www.ishares.com/us/products/239752/ishares-global-timber-forestry-etf", "asOf": "2026-08-14" } ], "axeUsaUrl": "https://www.axe-usa.com/companies/wood-etf" } ] }